{"id":"W2004761633","doi":"10.1111/rssa.12026","title":"Florence Nightingale, statistics and the Crimean War","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (Statistics in Society)","topic":"Historical Studies on Reproduction, Gender, Health, and Societal Changes","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"University of Warwick","keywords":"History; Statistical analysis; Spanish Civil War; First world war; World War II; Demography; Classics; Statistics; Ancient history; Sociology; Archaeology; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.001196486,0.0003303568,0.0006595071,0.00001536981,0.001790167,0.000248801,0.0004655119,0.000120791,0.0008262789],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008565124,0.000187631,0.0003183887,0.0001397669,0.003996643,0.000187408,0.0002075946,0.0010387,0.00001492953],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003491828,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001666777,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00109108,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0005012948,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969267,0.0003157797,0.001038235,0.0003185586,0.000820521,0.0005801553],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965528,0.001588202,0.0006007339,0.0002844478,0.0007687334,0.0002051466],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000582399,0.0001084557,0.0003756843,0.000244464,0.000217435,0.000004459306,0.1005525,0.00004336514,0.000001957867,0.3320462,0.562615,0.003732149],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003686236,0.0006554517,0.008822109,0.0001606059,0.000507373,0.00004610009,0.1764589,0.009314083,0.000008367856,0.2834944,0.5158998,0.0009465509],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.06526182,0.06892493,0.6249437,0.1322077,0.04384888,0.01058644,0.01218883,0.0004901281,0.04154757],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.431144,0.03632026,0.4343491,0.01600253,0.01206749,0.0002976527,0.00008948084,0.0003594017,0.06937009],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3658822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995094,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02375687317279756,"score_gpt":0.2409771018575765,"score_spread":0.2172202286847789,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}