{"id":"W2004907500","doi":"10.1073/pnas.1100794108","title":"The human visual system's assumption that light comes from above is weak","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","topic":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":69,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Artificial intelligence; Human visual system model; Computer vision; Computer science; Ambiguity; Photometric stereo; Perception; Sensory cue; Prior probability; Visual perception; Image (mathematics); Psychology; Bayesian probability","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002940794,0.00108855,0.001443983,0.001251646,0.00126753,0.00578945,0.001726711,0.002091545,0.004972059],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01873955,0.001586627,0.001371849,0.0009180519,0.005649465,0.008648322,0.00411521,0.004183265,0.00347932],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001332952,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001364396,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004624235,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001908073,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9973773,0.0006330993,0.000128795,0.0007500057,0.000899976,0.000210897],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9944799,0.002858195,0.0005161298,0.001039221,0.000893558,0.0002129397],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001125329,0.0001661933,0.009872003,0.00142801,0.0005285615,0.0004717061,0.001377553,0.1012391,0.1351906,0.2898905,0.008146042,0.4505645],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001129671,0.0004555362,0.01814066,0.0004304654,0.0001782538,0.001215562,0.0005039946,0.2393036,0.04094636,0.6776789,0.02078849,0.0002451951],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0510727,0.001905753,0.9205716,0.002712772,0.0001634165,0.00008290394,0.0002542026,0.000799783,0.02243692],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7952317,0.005014855,0.190776,0.001978394,0.0003732338,0.0001763508,0.0005686975,0.0006463149,0.00523449],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00578945,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01663321,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06821676959827011,"score_gpt":0.3296857978066221,"score_spread":0.261469028208352,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}