{"id":"W2005234466","doi":"10.1080/14926150609556708","title":"Finding the crack in everything: Exploring the causal promise in science education","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Science Mathematics and Technology Education","topic":"Science Education and Pedagogy","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Engineering ethics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":["sts"],"category_scores_codex":[0.006289301,0.00006832312,0.00009401829,0.001866247,0.001787133,0.0003635293,0.0009955164,0.00004535495,0.00001778133],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002614123,0.00004644186,0.00001309753,0.00485906,0.005388425,0.0009161495,0.00002401406,0.000313442,0.000002822009],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006306806,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03799664,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01375434,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0926679,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986976,0.0000395224,0.0003296371,0.0001615822,0.0003762968,0.000395365],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988621,0.0001185971,0.0002363863,0.0001902691,0.0004311036,0.0001615324],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[6.520967e-7,0.0001162338,0.08181883,0.000008694577,7.239845e-7,0.000001273638,0.09397493,0.00002224121,0.0009453881,0.7821365,0.0003863265,0.04058817],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001182573,0.00003268122,0.1346288,0.0002656689,0.000008057753,0.0001083379,0.6264357,0.0002580707,0.0006896114,0.2276013,0.009670126,0.0001833263],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9586322,0.0002612323,0.0000187464,0.03504959,0.001490274,0.0002104881,1.879257e-7,0.000004540459,0.004332742],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984398,0.00003174106,0.001006033,0.0001119854,0.0001319619,0.00002164592,9.862408e-8,0.000003057917,0.0002536967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5545352,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9995124,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05446624495371886,"score_gpt":0.3452825666124744,"score_spread":0.2908163216587555,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}