{"id":"W2005882224","doi":"10.1007/s00340-015-6072-6","title":"Influence of rapid laser heating on the optical properties of in-flame soot","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Physics B","topic":"Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies","field":"Chemical Engineering","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Soot; Materials science; Incandescence; Laser; Diffusion flame; Wavelength; Pyrometer; Molar absorptivity; Optics; Adiabatic flame temperature; Combustion; Diffusion; Extinction (optical mineralogy); Analytical Chemistry (journal); Temperature measurement; Optoelectronics; Thermodynamics; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002853574,0.000309682,0.0001665159,0.0001957239,0.0003496737,0.0003785181,0.000218033,0.0002790082,0.00312037],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006476374,0.00020426,0.0002570898,0.0001330952,0.000584395,0.0003395374,0.000189674,0.0002765536,0.0002046815],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004916009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003186052,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002559334,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001506324,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998808,0.00002084269,0.000004105261,0.00002410043,0.00002657887,0.0000436442],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992732,0.0005393908,0.00006433948,0.00003550099,0.00004972235,0.0000379282],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001180383,0.00004333408,0.0009547365,0.00006053746,0.00001631975,0.0001025019,0.0001232932,0.002456555,0.9927061,0.0003719376,0.00008365155,0.001900663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003109389,0.0002623386,0.004774202,0.00000449647,0.00001405853,0.00004574701,0.00007970518,0.005411701,0.9889473,0.00008003912,0.0003355193,0.0000137381],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9983671,0.0001737295,0.0004214585,0.00002990851,0.00001196485,0.000004701839,0.00003929263,0.00002047382,0.000931267],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993075,0.00009103727,0.0001557108,0.0000112763,0.000005617719,0.00000254495,0.0000247461,0.00001136682,0.0003901386],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00312037,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01043868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02692116536039768,"score_gpt":0.2239597410209158,"score_spread":0.1970385756605181,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}