{"id":"W2005955209","doi":"10.5539/mas.v3n2p158","title":"Equilibrium Adsorption Isotherms of Anionic, Nonionic Surfactants and Their Mixtures to Shale and Sandstone","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Modern Applied Science","topic":"Surfactants and Colloidal Systems","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":55,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Pulmonary surfactant; Adsorption; Freundlich equation; Langmuir; Oil shale; Micelle; Chemistry; Aqueous solution; Chemical engineering; Nonionic surfactant; Chromatography; Organic chemistry; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002987966,0.0001613334,0.000229308,0.00005845699,0.0001021453,0.00009165532,0.0002478651,0.00006891391,0.00005141895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001605592,0.0001244936,0.00002199188,0.0002428905,0.0002065572,0.0001332955,0.00008763014,0.00008053884,0.000003638228],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003952238,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006056839,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00004164967,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000008774153,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987173,0.000005535914,0.0002134858,0.0004576626,0.0002917063,0.0003142961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993747,0.00003678522,0.00008956192,0.0002936449,0.00004151387,0.0001638036],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004697547,0.00003200035,0.000580086,0.00001830297,0.000003260178,3.130367e-7,0.0008715348,0.000036104,0.9838827,0.0001928056,0.000007220703,0.01432871],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004717462,0.00005991769,0.007886732,0.00005637509,0.000005349663,0.00001593212,0.0002924982,0.01459279,0.9738979,0.002343236,0.0001128453,0.0002646379],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9893926,0.0003797693,0.0008695959,0.00008945577,0.00003192241,0.0001276532,0.00001729713,0.00004234729,0.00904934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9994726,0.00002078932,0.0001206329,0.00008288383,0.00002755574,0.000005910749,0.000001111816,0.000009804513,0.0002587692],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01455669,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.50767,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0105643172718922,"score_gpt":0.2284554532451148,"score_spread":0.2178911359732227,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}