{"id":"W2006589826","doi":"10.1353/cjl.2008.0015","title":"An English ''like no other''?: Language Contact and Change in Quebec","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Linguistics / La revue canadienne de linguistique","topic":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Language contact; Linguistics; Lexicon; Language change; Linguistic change; Corpus linguistics; Psychology; Sample (material); Variation (astronomy); Term (time); Sound change; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001323135,0.0002177119,0.0004819287,0.001691471,0.01111117,0.00428879,0.001689236,0.001452043,0.01124628],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004269471,0.000230601,0.0003729599,0.005015452,0.003082446,0.002954451,0.002233937,0.002098639,0.0005915082],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.06151874,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.03491286,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9958977,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9980047,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984822,0.0003054895,0.00005047596,0.0001786723,0.0003113887,0.0006718528],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966435,0.0006123922,0.0004167093,0.00009188946,0.00127006,0.0009654839],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000273467,0.0003755753,0.5116262,0.0001672698,0.00009623447,0.001667888,0.3957763,0.0002982549,0.0007980253,0.01355767,0.02144672,0.05391644],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001656231,0.00004249845,0.7247912,0.0001517968,0.00003051006,0.0001457871,0.2403934,0.0004298845,0.0001172328,0.0004967675,0.0333328,0.0000514612],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9725379,0.001496403,0.00009874291,0.009215523,0.00008884849,0.00002611394,0.000722246,0.00001121463,0.01580315],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989818,0.0004458615,0.00006274611,0.0005952241,0.00001129049,0.00001564274,0.0001849752,0.00001112383,0.008855108],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06151874,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4463518,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01330649098459444,"score_gpt":0.2684571248248526,"score_spread":0.2551506338402582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}