{"id":"W2006589826","doi":"10.1353/cjl.2008.0015","title":"An English ''like no other''?: Language Contact and Change in Quebec","year":2006,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Linguistics / La revue canadienne de linguistique","topic":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":129,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University; University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"Language contact; Linguistics; Lexicon; Language change; Linguistic change; Corpus linguistics; Psychology; Sample (material); Variation (astronomy); Term (time); Sound change; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002587444,0.0002111523,0.0003836647,0.0001877467,0.0007757618,0.0002761785,0.0004992461,0.0002076383,0.00003543712],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01890661,0.0001803534,0.00008513054,0.0002290059,0.0005288332,0.0000466021,0.00001520924,0.0005983849,0.000002154212],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001253608,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0018303,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9855734,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9995395,"domain_scores_codex":[0.997856,0.0004585082,0.0004969112,0.0001963424,0.0001340785,0.0008581465],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9963358,0.0005218107,0.000314931,0.0002006653,0.001745328,0.0008814355],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002720819,0.00003068431,0.09150191,0.00004925308,0.00004870118,0.002155268,0.5481087,0.00004361558,0.00001252022,0.3564922,0.001047995,0.0004819588],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005626247,0.0001297193,0.05544782,0.0003341476,0.00008798611,0.0000340671,0.02512791,0.0001243649,0.00000546963,0.004958393,0.9127238,0.0004637035],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9444788,0.003697842,0.00001259288,0.00115332,0.00384538,0.0003710464,0.00009938281,0.00003180201,0.04630984],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829407,0.00007629675,0.000408184,0.00064101,0.01466799,0.000008387322,0.000005696927,0.00003040355,0.0012213],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9116758,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9893575,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01330649098459444,"score_gpt":0.2684571248248526,"score_spread":0.2551506338402582,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}