{"id":"W2006590053","doi":"10.2118/165360-ms","title":"Flow Units: From Conventional to Tight Gas to Shale Gas to Tight Oil to Shale Oil Reservoirs","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"U.S. Department of Energy","keywords":"Tight oil; Knudsen diffusion; Petroleum engineering; Oil shale; Tight gas; Geology; Permeability (electromagnetism); Knudsen number; Unconventional oil; Flow (mathematics); Mechanics; Porosity; Geotechnical engineering; Chemistry; Hydraulic fracturing; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000267016,0.0001898416,0.0001233901,0.002416821,0.0002210097,0.0009076586,0.0002520242,0.0001570723,0.003486233],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001411363,0.00007715971,0.0001590893,0.001944375,0.0004137117,0.0009205408,0.0005974441,0.0002429133,0.0003798065],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007792933,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003150483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005213236,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003852506,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997582,0.00003671862,0.00002875582,0.00005936558,0.00006384042,0.00005309269],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992556,0.0001720665,0.0002695757,0.00004755273,0.000180954,0.00007425255],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008901329,0.0001822075,0.7115663,0.0003520011,0.00005990948,0.00034775,0.00338765,0.009886188,0.01261481,0.03389011,0.004906547,0.2219163],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001738039,0.0002409057,0.9514898,0.00009118303,0.0000342244,0.0001911095,0.002865867,0.01544789,0.006243766,0.008469191,0.01487461,0.00003403432],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9777603,0.0004330911,0.004406182,0.00008307882,0.00001686597,0.00008067847,0.002638285,0.0001759859,0.01440564],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9970503,0.00008701677,0.001457566,0.000009965295,0.000009047642,0.00002170305,0.0005411156,0.00001153512,0.0008117278],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005213236,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01166266,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01533657944272203,"score_gpt":0.2159361659407281,"score_spread":0.2005995864980061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}