{"id":"W2006602194","doi":"10.1017/s0021853712000035","title":"SLAVERY, FREEDOM, AND FAILED RANSOM NEGOTIATIONS IN WEST AFRICA, 1730–1900","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of African History","topic":"Colonialism, slavery, and trade","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"","keywords":"Ransom; Negotiation; Politics; Captivity; Political science; Payment; History; Genealogy; Law; Political economy; Development economics; Ethnology; Sociology; Economics; Archaeology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001877063,0.00009936913,0.0002223076,0.0001904572,0.0002774684,0.00001741398,0.0003125663,0.00006768356,0.0002670754],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002078255,0.0000763823,0.00008198144,0.0002287613,0.0005083325,0.0003907,0.00002519648,0.0002988629,0.00001801689],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007518505,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003530431,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002171704,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004074089,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983897,0.0004986111,0.0003173987,0.00006771494,0.0003916387,0.0003349105],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988467,0.0004599823,0.0002865127,0.0001351414,0.00007167116,0.0001999736],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001756384,0.0003185509,0.02830112,0.000009512859,0.00006839672,0.00001530335,0.925593,0.00004959491,0.0004635958,0.004655167,0.03908516,0.001264947],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007369771,0.00009686571,0.1056852,0.00002251655,0.000112306,0.00001568035,0.01759021,0.000009186316,0.000008461499,0.0004143195,0.8751527,0.0001554989],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9206817,0.0152187,0.00007615842,0.005155985,0.002455383,0.0002278991,0.000006031963,0.00002504591,0.0561531],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9973232,0.0005481301,0.0001045283,0.0000836523,0.0008166509,0.000002159856,1.998305e-7,0.00001035594,0.001111179],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9080028,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3282981,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02903075670955277,"score_gpt":0.2509974858054619,"score_spread":0.2219667290959091,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}