{"id":"W2007216559","doi":"10.1111/1468-0424.00230","title":"Eugenics, Sterilisation and Modern Marriage in the USA: The Strange Career of Paul Popenoe","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Gender & History","topic":"Medical History and Research","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":86,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Eugenics; Champion; Ideology; Sociology; Law; Gender studies; Political science; Politics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006544144,0.00007452434,0.0001010319,0.00004970119,0.000175328,0.00001344747,0.0002133496,0.00003793039,0.003451427],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000184087,0.00004169932,0.0000371972,0.00001729839,0.0005660237,0.0000828783,0.00002796569,0.0002021806,0.00001911727],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001100454,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006590733,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007024021,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00840096,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990873,0.0001535745,0.0001594815,0.0001298491,0.0003181292,0.0001516161],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995875,0.00007373813,0.00004178581,0.0002221689,0.00003960564,0.0000352434],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001349648,0.0001676752,0.001475108,0.0001606032,0.00003936067,0.00006037518,0.8306124,0.000007234943,0.0003694394,0.03524965,0.114735,0.01698822],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002307476,0.00003980301,0.00643256,0.000007392484,0.00001396885,0.000005056932,0.007371641,0.00007693504,0.000002049308,0.001155987,0.9845917,0.00007221549],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7624949,0.0162214,0.00005638094,0.0008602719,0.0009405222,0.0004287208,0.00002393873,0.00001442618,0.2189594],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9843557,0.0001732305,0.000003718688,0.0005140082,0.0002322232,0.00001629644,0.000006623328,0.000007660841,0.01469046],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8698567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9974595,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2404224526993559,"score_gpt":0.2643871312005608,"score_spread":0.02396467850120496,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}