{"id":"W2007369850","doi":"10.1139/l09-093","title":"Size and effect on the mean flow of large-scale horizontal coherent structures in open-channel flows: an experimental studyThis paper is one of a selection of papers in this Special Issue in honour of Professor M. Selim Yalin (1925–2007).","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering","topic":"Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":37,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Open-channel flow; Turbulence; Flow (mathematics); Channel (broadcasting); Mechanics; Scale (ratio); Geology; Shear stress; Length scale; Geometry; Work (physics); Maximum flow problem; Geotechnical engineering; Mathematics; Physics; Engineering; Telecommunications","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006291858,0.0001378434,0.0003902807,0.0001588005,0.00002777893,0.000005322565,0.0002165834,0.00009273306,0.004647881],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004194634,0.0001148246,0.00004057018,0.0002377022,0.00005801063,0.0001857868,0.00001229339,0.0002804277,2.718359e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001252331,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006602256,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002199979,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2024495,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988968,0.00007899191,0.0004725629,0.0001376673,0.0001961569,0.0002178314],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995732,0.00007279647,0.0001481481,0.00008100468,0.00001220937,0.0001126172],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001558042,0.001280724,0.1500624,0.0003200446,0.0001665214,0.0001069491,0.098712,0.1961711,0.5489358,0.0000874776,0.0003502585,0.002248627],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006622589,0.007779442,0.5587684,0.00125359,0.00007655842,0.00003974393,0.004933426,0.008886402,0.4104402,0.0001555497,0.0005063069,0.0005377437],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986902,0.0001916313,0.000004362009,0.0001078363,0.0001102593,0.0002815385,0.00001452407,0.000001139276,0.0005985462],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997378,0.00001979797,0.0001097947,0.00004734208,0.00006196061,0.000004205269,0.000001050744,0.000009084093,0.000008992093],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.408706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.996262,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005884666759069051,"score_gpt":0.2131631083273581,"score_spread":0.207278441568289,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}