{"id":"W2007840455","doi":"10.1115/1.2844593","title":"Application of an Extended Stress-Based Forming Limit Curve to Predict Necking in Stretch Flange Forming","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Necking; Flange; Materials science; Stress (linguistics); Plane stress; Sheet metal; Finite element method; Structural engineering; Shell (structure); Forming limit diagram; Composite material; Aluminium; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007954831,0.0001464136,0.0002450718,0.0008603052,0.00006746704,0.00003103184,0.0002837164,0.00005280189,0.000002295989],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001204941,0.0001414156,0.00003955742,0.0003596935,0.00003969732,0.001058368,0.00003358519,0.0002070265,3.031971e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000149001,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004261145,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001599435,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005739957,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986022,0.00000581391,0.0004949589,0.0001409092,0.0004752313,0.0002808774],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994029,0.00006060403,0.0001215831,0.0001684658,0.00009612715,0.0001503663],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001735744,0.00002954932,0.004949464,0.0002375744,0.000009861325,0.00002045617,0.001110653,0.8674774,0.07552168,0.00005120162,0.000002864288,0.05057193],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002019587,0.00009614053,0.05052876,0.0002208308,0.000005639756,0.00004066675,0.00006004335,0.3829309,0.5656598,0.00005273438,0.00006584886,0.0001367569],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9651574,0.00006587119,0.03440088,0.000009325651,0.0001031721,0.0001382069,0.000002072024,0.00008135073,0.00004174359],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9823294,0.00001949523,0.01755801,0.000008774979,0.00005687743,0.000005604461,8.390314e-7,0.00001997154,9.865115e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4901381,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5766762,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01278746587218741,"score_gpt":0.2424147228239601,"score_spread":0.2296272569517727,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}