{"id":"W2008108524","doi":"10.1021/es025669f","title":"Combining Selective Sequential Extractions, X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy, and Principal Component Analysis for Quantitative Zinc Speciation in Soil","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Heavy metals in environment","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":237,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa","funders":"","keywords":"X-ray absorption fine structure; Chemistry; Zinc; Dissolution; Sorption; Soil water; Aqua regia; Extraction (chemistry); Atomic absorption spectroscopy; Spectroscopy; Environmental chemistry; Metal; Adsorption; Geology; Soil science; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001110694,0.00143497,0.0009709811,0.001177907,0.0002955012,0.0007165617,0.0005429744,0.000550719,0.0005601355],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001073497,0.0006181814,0.0007738353,0.001266624,0.0004265904,0.0008035222,0.0008867059,0.0008043764,0.0003828612],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002469009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006527076,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001208947,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002899214,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989273,0.0001575089,0.00009589526,0.0003994036,0.0003312647,0.00008868354],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999586,0.0001570354,0.00005350295,0.00005459974,0.0001262632,0.00002251741],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008352406,0.00005925709,0.001008095,0.0001688926,0.00003692038,0.00003003696,0.0000341405,0.0006108097,0.9596662,0.0001245869,0.00006761857,0.03810996],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002366277,0.0002537789,0.007437781,0.00001152948,0.00009195911,0.0001863262,0.00005226367,0.02618881,0.9629223,0.0004417149,0.002346402,0.00004356103],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4992701,0.003142631,0.4927011,0.000228157,0.0001036268,0.0004620248,0.0008992595,0.001792017,0.001401136],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5154627,0.002416918,0.4788745,0.0001235157,0.00004520476,0.000436007,0.0006440466,0.0001755005,0.001821633],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.00143497,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.005873978,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0205229630724489,"score_gpt":0.2705403420322944,"score_spread":0.2500173789598455,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}