{"id":"W2008294004","doi":"10.1016/s0954-6111(02)80032-4","title":"Decision-making by healthcare payers","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Respiratory Medicine","topic":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes","funders":"","keywords":"Formulary; Health care; Reimbursement; Listing (finance); Actuarial science; Medicine; Population; Product (mathematics); Risk analysis (engineering); Business; Economics; Nursing; Finance","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch","metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.02087024,0.0007795549,0.006895148,0.001118413,0.000321085,0.00005529902,0.0008923586,0.0008500667,0.00350933],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01152267,0.0007884636,0.0005186008,0.000716851,0.0002192746,0.0002740686,0.0001120526,0.0009276017,0.01053435],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001938743,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004087539,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001412424,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000389148,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9851573,0.0010917,0.01109405,0.001458288,0.0003265422,0.0008721552],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9857952,0.005081301,0.006894214,0.001555047,0.0000988507,0.000575383],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000002249363,0.00003167425,0.00005703703,0.01400927,0.0001077466,0.000008320456,0.0002099602,7.071895e-7,5.356092e-9,0.004551543,0.5872097,0.3938118],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004132734,0.0001599373,0.000007069145,0.02661011,0.00006898164,0.00001496498,0.0000979777,0.00002891528,4.976807e-9,0.00132571,0.9706528,0.0006202343],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000003231389,0.9834647,0.0008690182,0.005923414,0.002296074,0.001625315,0.0006552085,0.0001290808,0.005033941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.00001686919,0.9717116,0.0003508539,0.02412958,0.002283144,0.0002880005,0.00009738931,0.0001838855,0.0009387021],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3931916,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9994566,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.6051715782251398,"score_gpt":0.5377348726227569,"score_spread":0.06743670560238291,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}