{"id":"W2008352493","doi":"10.1152/japplphysiol.01206.2012","title":"Pulmonary ventilation visualized using hyperpolarized helium-3 and xenon-129 magnetic resonance imaging: differences in COPD and relationship to emphysema","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physiology","topic":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":93,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; Robarts Clinical Trials; Vancouver General Hospital; Western University","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research; AstraZeneca","keywords":"COPD; Magnetic resonance imaging; Nuclear medicine; Ventilation (architecture); Medicine; Lung; Spirometry; Lung volumes; Radiology; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Internal medicine; Asthma","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003947749,0.0001913974,0.0002117727,0.0005109534,0.0001373731,0.0003475869,0.0001443371,0.0005360771,0.0007046356],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009631614,0.0001847277,0.0001004215,0.0001726492,0.0004067712,0.000343829,0.0002752576,0.0002069094,0.0001097584],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001359557,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008782066,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0006848713,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001131939,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998704,0.00002833846,0.00001295372,0.00003624434,0.00002929359,0.00002267628],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995965,0.0001381206,0.0001285266,0.00002292523,0.00003286359,0.00008099603],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002625658,0.0001810294,0.8105994,0.00007035251,0.00009327609,0.0009296346,0.0005462101,0.0001943651,0.1719587,0.00006236692,0.00003595798,0.01270292],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000007277657,0.0002275644,0.9962643,0.000002779551,0.00001378363,0.0008054362,0.00009206681,0.0002153476,0.002299885,0.00002483206,0.00004383827,0.000002832379],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9995813,0.0002199023,0.00010086,0.000005937803,6.563212e-7,0.000002280215,0.000008475115,0.000001798025,0.00007859416],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999697,0.00006971737,0.0001241849,0.000006867641,0.000002274333,0.000003079935,0.00002182112,0.000001135044,0.00007400716],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0007046356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.002357304,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02886298279501926,"score_gpt":0.3106096189027742,"score_spread":0.281746636107755,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}