{"id":"W2009601569","doi":"10.1086/597216","title":"Ecosystem Engineers: Feedback and Population Dynamics","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The American Naturalist","topic":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":88,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Abiotic component; Ecosystem; Ecosystem engineer; Population; Ecology; Dynamics (music); Bistability; Environmental science; Statistical physics; Biology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001034368,0.00007053513,0.00009850637,0.00001279866,0.0001704273,0.00001444609,0.00009571444,0.00001576315,0.0000287127],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002448968,0.00004792123,0.00001885627,0.0001579079,0.0001446824,0.00007408209,0.00003533301,0.00009012738,0.00006319238],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009765256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001005511,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003267044,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00198609,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995692,0.00003734796,0.00008550221,0.0001205907,0.00007198957,0.0001153339],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997212,0.00005905552,0.00008052925,0.0001115132,0.000003968893,0.00002376843],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001171928,0.00008767161,0.851149,0.00001406889,0.00008342003,0.00001427789,0.002356146,0.0121762,0.0004415827,0.03440834,0.005109486,0.09404267],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006246297,0.00003404551,0.9657468,0.00000198336,0.00000921371,0.00001205094,0.0002193479,0.0325811,0.00000224654,0.001117796,0.0001398876,0.00007302177],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927211,0.00003985002,0.00008133868,0.004345713,0.00005452865,0.00008115653,0.000005038302,0.00003333468,0.002637949],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9983082,0.00003530243,0.000333484,0.000917971,0.00001651136,0.000002202629,0.00001160035,0.000003239131,0.0003714432],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1145979,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1954171,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.003566365546386139,"score_gpt":0.2153456344200494,"score_spread":0.2117792688736632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}