{"id":"W2009863857","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/710/2/1239","title":"IONIZING RADIATION FROM<i>z</i>= 4–10 GALAXIES","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Astrophysical Journal","topic":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":128,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Saint Mary's University","funders":"","keywords":"Reionization; Galaxy; Ionizing radiation; Background radiation; Population; Radiation; Dwarf galaxy; Star formation","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002980522,0.000442303,0.0003831318,0.0004365256,0.0003886485,0.0006820091,0.001046023,0.0008581223,0.001860321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00211684,0.000367283,0.0006536418,0.0008789172,0.0006115244,0.0006973426,0.0004959771,0.0007156926,0.0002264299],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001005028,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004302758,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02363161,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01437863,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999042,0.00001819332,0.000005282444,0.0000278636,0.00001252815,0.00003197309],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993234,0.0003015241,0.0001452089,0.00006453918,0.00007103814,0.00009433417],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001570021,0.00006457502,0.05266186,0.00002938838,0.00008927831,0.0001323034,0.00006986108,0.9404793,0.00132796,0.002268647,0.0005176534,0.002202262],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009731071,0.00008308556,0.02840042,0.00001069011,0.00004688285,0.00009890318,0.00009513731,0.9658679,0.001811918,0.002566386,0.0008945565,0.00002678871],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9948351,0.00006322084,0.002073542,0.0001016917,0.000006267094,0.000008467434,0.0008725529,0.00009587144,0.001943317],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994157,0.00006353217,0.003122512,0.00004221883,0.000009507816,0.0000167314,0.001907462,0.00004220981,0.0006388459],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02363161,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04698813,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006066946079176734,"score_gpt":0.20368180902836,"score_spread":0.1976148629491833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}