{"id":"W2009987649","doi":"10.1177/0306312709345359","title":"Ghosts in the Machine","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social Studies of Science","topic":"Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Government of Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Epistemology; Sociology; Computer science; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009576059,0.0007482144,0.0009376201,0.002020048,0.01019472,0.01291351,0.002182861,0.00856041,0.03013602],"category_scores_gemma":[0.03222938,0.0007214673,0.00105604,0.001190663,0.04242947,0.0239915,0.008636781,0.01068088,0.009195458],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.003835049,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003844775,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003439883,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003173988,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936159,0.003535483,0.0001750525,0.0009836636,0.001155485,0.0005345006],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9810653,0.01075265,0.0009225228,0.004301771,0.001795047,0.001162633],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000187723,0.000006197454,0.000167918,0.0000355814,0.000006376389,0.00007351288,0.003106643,0.0001445931,0.00005092248,0.9250563,0.06366204,0.007671124],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001620777,0.00001059024,0.0000871685,0.0001427028,0.000007206031,0.0001649478,0.00114369,0.0006524882,0.0001711335,0.5558143,0.4417658,0.00002366677],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.009628148,0.01427721,0.05746115,0.3637919,0.01167177,0.00007676859,0.0004055868,0.001146344,0.5415411],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.5498449,0.008373967,0.03738494,0.1060724,0.008600203,0.0003166326,0.0003849307,0.002139208,0.2868828],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9898053,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.100815,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.6703735872547739,"score_gpt":0.6599616248866972,"score_spread":0.01041196236807673,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}