{"id":"W2011205060","doi":"10.1109/tgrs.2013.2250509","title":"Snow Microwave Emission Modeling of Ice Lenses Within a Snowpack Using the Microwave Emission Model for Layered Snowpacks","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":77,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Environment and Climate Change Canada; Université de Sherbrooke","funders":"","keywords":"Snowpack; Snow; Brightness temperature; Microwave; Brightness; Environmental science; Remote sensing; Atmospheric sciences; Geology; Optics; Meteorology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003013061,0.0002073057,0.0002337893,0.000066819,0.001292514,0.0001018159,0.0001359626,0.00009971503,0.00001285374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003978794,0.0001376157,0.000112993,0.0003699061,0.0002367248,0.0002797243,0.00000292443,0.0001909675,0.000002249713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001297939,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001016292,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00502102,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001288856,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985802,0.00004394869,0.0003690913,0.0003916537,0.0002490389,0.0003660527],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989952,0.0002970496,0.0001490941,0.000236748,0.0002001865,0.0001216551],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005337808,0.00002077038,0.00002545754,0.00003721698,0.00002028205,8.32788e-7,0.002856451,0.5994864,0.07227157,0.000001365498,0.0000437769,0.3251826],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002520508,0.00007055172,0.00008997214,0.0001977814,0.00003998989,0.00002298279,0.002828748,0.981519,0.0141387,0.0006358452,0.00001799028,0.0001864322],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.4234981,0.0001066574,0.5755801,0.0002631906,0.0002156654,0.0002564951,0.00001791896,0.00001619599,0.00004572422],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8745865,0.0001670913,0.1245575,0.0002235564,0.00003651525,1.715159e-7,0.000003091705,0.000007733483,0.0004178656],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.4510884,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9941103,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04651091650361871,"score_gpt":0.2484383957378373,"score_spread":0.2019274792342186,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}