{"id":"W2011398451","doi":"10.1002/app.34211","title":"Spectroscopic studies and evaluation of thermorheological properties of softwood and hardwood lignin","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Polymer Science","topic":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","field":"Engineering","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Lignin; Softwood; Hardwood; Differential scanning calorimetry; Kraft paper; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Mass spectrometry; Softening; Materials science; Chemistry; Chemical engineering; Composite material; Organic chemistry; Chromatography; Botany","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003761503,0.0003665782,0.0001773931,0.0009265335,0.0001871842,0.0002238631,0.0001386385,0.0001562067,0.001386733],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004234205,0.0001077655,0.0001761311,0.0006789581,0.0001236544,0.0003116267,0.0001143407,0.0002941242,0.0001974915],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001155847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001271221,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009411313,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001243061,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99985,0.00002316754,0.00001367834,0.00002343511,0.00006256589,0.00002705624],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997123,0.00006192985,0.00006127014,0.00001305871,0.00008487392,0.00006661729],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007789413,0.00003286891,0.001298902,0.00005546816,0.000006022042,0.00003514374,0.00003712733,0.00007116333,0.9954418,0.00002875291,0.000009890726,0.002904944],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008839853,0.0003102992,0.04186561,0.00001422891,0.00003378884,0.0001649642,0.0001199569,0.001073171,0.9553993,0.00009061329,0.0009100903,0.000008986667],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938514,0.001356851,0.003460375,0.00001746977,0.000006899714,0.00002427736,0.0003835098,0.00001882885,0.0008804249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9934049,0.0007202345,0.00362654,0.00002624723,0.00000736504,0.00002160249,0.0005103284,0.00001580294,0.001667009],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001386733,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004639089,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05873585411270389,"score_gpt":0.2576379906790055,"score_spread":0.1989021365663016,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}