{"id":"W2011437410","doi":"10.1377/hlthaff.2014.0498","title":"Specialty Pharmaceuticals: Policy Initiatives To Improve Assessment, Pricing, Prescription, And Use","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Health Affairs","topic":"Pharmaceutical studies and practices","field":"Medicine","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Institute of Health Economics","funders":"","keywords":"Medical prescription; Specialty; Business; Drug pricing; Public economics; Actuarial science; Medicine; Family medicine; Economics; Nursing","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007824881,0.0001752076,0.0003779367,0.0001159604,0.0002593676,0.00006307683,0.00005632429,0.00005128262,0.0001123991],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00126961,0.0001435423,0.00004136599,0.000261318,0.0000910771,0.0003295267,0.0001156561,0.0003472093,0.00004063067],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001835015,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002543892,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003108159,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00005664755,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982377,0.0002390887,0.000353246,0.0003597641,0.0002689674,0.0005412872],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9981511,0.0004709343,0.0001364245,0.0001913269,0.000099213,0.0009510103],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00247129,0.001901296,0.2076465,0.003950079,0.0006444082,0.00003876831,0.008450416,0.000009649117,0.005036257,0.1100201,0.1189465,0.5408847],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001490857,0.0008116403,0.2001554,0.00008100014,0.00005382469,0.00001444981,0.0005786712,0.0006325097,0.0002196639,0.0002312102,0.7955785,0.00015219],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1379477,0.003688147,0.01057182,0.5928559,0.00169058,0.005505535,0.000127463,0.0005397738,0.2470731],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9641018,0.003013022,0.003651978,0.02770169,0.001102166,0.00004753629,0.00000671247,0.00002311023,0.0003519993],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8261541,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5853484,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0830030372456326,"score_gpt":0.4634546504963647,"score_spread":0.3804516132507321,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}