{"id":"W2011899280","doi":"10.1155/2009/590763","title":"Critical Time to Nucleation: Graphite and Silicon Nanoparticle Generation by Laser Ablation","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Nanotechnology","topic":"Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Nucleation; Materials science; Femtosecond; Laser ablation; Silicon; Laser; Graphite; Ablation; Classical nucleation theory; Optics; Optoelectronics; Thermodynamics; Composite material; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001127238,0.00007855733,0.0001355389,0.0001576654,0.00004858346,0.00002579208,0.00006408779,0.0001563737,0.00007645017],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00008736135,0.0000747755,0.00002482454,0.0001891418,0.00002296295,0.0002203377,0.000005917329,0.0001624826,0.00005311752],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003300855,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000006852099,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":4.472442e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000001671836,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994451,0.00001593863,0.0002306153,0.00007539376,0.00008986732,0.000143077],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997323,0.00003057069,0.00003449572,0.00007897914,0.00005701235,0.00006670758],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000143574,0.00002135536,0.00001740564,0.000002558183,0.000007533768,0.000007595415,0.00002998213,0.001151259,0.9854509,0.000404447,0.004293696,0.008598905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002514982,0.0004880463,0.0002733878,0.00001262182,0.00001596421,0.0001123022,0.000007365943,0.010543,0.9818484,0.001001748,0.005355145,0.00009057289],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9927502,0.0001373903,0.001690713,0.00508875,0.0001167099,0.00004698586,0.000002791125,0.00007486478,0.00009154218],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984625,0.00004062942,0.001133441,0.0002300244,0.00008948232,7.787625e-7,0.000001422741,0.000008023295,0.00003371771],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.009391742,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3049256,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.005668099663708711,"score_gpt":0.2188940916317719,"score_spread":0.2132259919680632,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}