{"id":"W2012407873","doi":"10.5539/jmr.v1n2p43","title":"The Model and Algorithm to Estimate the Difficulty Levels of Sudoku Puzzles","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Mathematics Research","topic":"graph theory and CDMA systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":6,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mathematics; Algorithm; Process (computing); Brute force; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Calculus (dental); Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003547033,0.0000805078,0.0001937304,0.0001046595,0.0001659263,0.00008773384,0.0003933303,0.00003895285,0.000002923977],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002182021,0.00003851551,0.00006258299,0.0001931142,0.0000854055,0.00006530309,0.00003672235,0.0003365332,0.000003440524],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002139506,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002259492,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":6.000864e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002502785,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986387,0.00008584224,0.000409631,0.0000460801,0.000590606,0.0002291357],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9987799,0.0005870127,0.00007404997,0.0002151423,0.0002534347,0.00009045465],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009940224,0.0005996599,0.00004901832,0.001140581,0.0006263867,0.00007157143,0.03735436,0.319583,0.1462316,0.237466,0.01773005,0.2390484],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003284696,0.0002234545,0.001130689,0.0003665002,0.00002188201,0.0002149798,0.002955067,0.7913408,0.006854758,0.1959395,0.000498637,0.0001251817],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9532385,0.001140738,0.04251323,0.001252545,0.00009864247,0.0002892559,0.00001335823,0.00001620414,0.001437503],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9911545,0.00009656805,0.008462117,0.000005559555,0.00004899041,0.00000263667,6.718933e-8,0.00001139881,0.0002181622],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4717579,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1570617,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07183652209651653,"score_gpt":0.3841909402591585,"score_spread":0.312354418162642,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}