{"id":"W2013274130","doi":"10.1007/s00216-014-8279-5","title":"Solution to the isotope dilution challenge","year":2014,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry","topic":"Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":23,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Isotope dilution; Analyte; Mass spectrometry; Chemistry; Dilution; Isotope; Chromatography; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Fraction (chemistry); Sample preparation; Mass fraction; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002236292,0.0001897365,0.0002165731,0.00002315711,0.0001995833,0.00007297748,0.0002795095,0.0001708409,0.002892184],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001943295,0.0001271421,0.0001162723,0.0002801426,0.0001816273,0.00003465786,0.0001692498,0.0002959495,0.0000801115],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005000326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001352778,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000288362,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000006672398,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9986589,0.00001037849,0.0002702997,0.0004409965,0.0002580505,0.0003613598],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989905,0.0001207158,0.00004255045,0.0004791763,0.00005788911,0.0003091485],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001555807,0.00120882,0.003931727,0.0007348603,0.000373303,0.00001237597,0.00009870871,0.00001752392,0.1608962,0.6879826,0.02804766,0.1165407],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004766001,0.0001002342,0.0008145731,0.0000766283,0.0003317691,0.0000450102,0.00009856648,0.1290351,0.07361005,0.0221981,0.7723911,0.0008221767],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.09470998,0.0002904873,0.02110442,0.1077227,0.0000335167,0.0002413023,0.00005392678,0.0005400055,0.7753037],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9945371,0.00006225674,0.000378034,0.0004306805,0.0004140275,0.00003531339,0.00002106373,0.00001318211,0.004108331],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8998271,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9980193,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01372192883657859,"score_gpt":0.2527580796427393,"score_spread":0.2390361508061607,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}