{"id":"W2013886405","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2005.02.066","title":"Impossibility of negative group velocities in a periodic layer structure with or without loss","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optics Communications","topic":"Quantum optics and atomic interactions","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Université de Moncton; University of Calgary","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Quantum tunnelling; Attenuation; Optics; Group velocity; Refractive index; Wavelength; Physics; Group (periodic table); Limiting; Phase (matter); Impossibility; Condensed matter physics; Quantum mechanics; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008052608,0.0001242579,0.000206223,0.0000640568,0.0001739079,0.0000424655,0.00039565,0.00003319904,0.0002589374],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001016152,0.0000956455,0.00004121093,0.0001993882,0.000314077,0.0001715708,0.0001310231,0.0003111633,0.000005855876],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004598272,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000128389,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000321946,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001722892,"domain_scores_codex":[0.99927,0.00005962022,0.0002955074,0.0001318943,0.00009043985,0.0001525454],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986085,0.0001723829,0.0001520981,0.0008953376,0.0001319936,0.00003973247],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002169464,0.001242831,0.1659231,0.00003528424,0.0002643389,8.53038e-7,0.01709106,0.001459057,0.003031508,0.8052996,0.00005010782,0.005385287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.01088793,0.001053471,0.1086267,0.001029552,0.0005007321,0.00003449116,0.07467124,0.7015089,0.01994827,0.06342956,0.01568312,0.002626044],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9846913,0.0000280697,0.001167603,0.0006234951,0.00002108727,0.00021548,0.0001586328,0.00001231842,0.01308205],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9576257,0.00001572283,0.04196054,0.00002584644,0.00003438396,0.00003289666,0.00005105951,0.00001370885,0.0002400803],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7418701,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.390031,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02100845209913004,"score_gpt":0.3006253553983569,"score_spread":0.2796169032992269,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}