{"id":"W2014620162","doi":"10.1111/jpy.12282","title":"<scp>DNA</scp> barcoding the genus <i>Chara</i>: molecular evidence recovers fewer taxa than the classical morphological approach","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Phycology","topic":"Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":35,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Guelph","funders":"Norsk Institutt for Vannforskning","keywords":"Biology; DNA barcoding; Herbarium; Taxon; Botany; Chara; Genus; Zoology; Evolutionary biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001411426,0.0002064311,0.0003057827,0.00003441088,0.0003074134,0.00004078483,0.001074576,0.0001444865,0.0002281159],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008469248,0.000111432,0.000216304,0.0002012237,0.001383082,0.0002588039,0.000846403,0.0006494418,0.0003173241],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003808294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001603273,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000239889,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000004480882,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977033,0.0005102674,0.0003518017,0.0002844228,0.0007212369,0.0004290284],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9983957,0.0006737873,0.000416527,0.0002998698,0.00002186186,0.0001922545],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001500853,0.0006222515,0.5190526,0.00001121051,0.0003140459,0.0009876491,0.004051866,0.00704125,0.06428713,0.0002453824,0.3999015,0.003334987],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001638928,0.002136597,0.6344093,0.00004082875,0.0003874882,0.002613514,0.009382037,0.0004773932,0.007053677,0.001411206,0.3401354,0.0003136174],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858289,0.0007468155,0.0006357611,0.00415804,0.000514366,0.0002411933,0.000004922427,0.00001137796,0.007858646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9942277,0.0002712245,0.002847636,0.001968339,0.0001598329,0.00000864629,6.83489e-7,0.00001106361,0.0005048672],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1153567,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5096023,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04852071876215304,"score_gpt":0.245090657490387,"score_spread":0.196569938728234,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}