{"id":"W2015858602","doi":"10.1016/j.tre.2009.04.014","title":"Price volatility in the airline markets","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Transportation Research Part E Logistics and Transportation Review","topic":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":34,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Volatility (finance); Financial economics; Volatility smile; Economics; Implied volatility; Monetary economics; Business; Econometrics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003235427,0.0001563659,0.0004163718,0.0001930217,0.0001862943,0.00005261345,0.0002079901,0.00009973186,0.0007448499],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001201859,0.0001335443,0.0001100102,0.001098866,0.0001094116,0.0001897389,8.043464e-7,0.0004482851,0.00003857184],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002373847,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000287999,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001432147,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0004839964,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9977859,0.0001157174,0.001143073,0.0004236614,0.000214924,0.0003167213],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999005,0.0001939446,0.0002512496,0.0003036386,0.0001529046,0.00009325034],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004325198,0.0004305262,0.196689,0.0008347245,0.00004356675,0.00005320508,0.0008354834,0.0001759183,0.000001399232,0.7885983,0.004625696,0.007668901],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003361451,0.00006332455,0.8624648,0.0002161403,0.00002518064,4.225231e-7,0.00006886996,0.000486453,0.000001135017,0.01922774,0.1169639,0.0001459366],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.312303,0.3415536,0.09679507,0.1593931,0.0006686952,0.008917279,0.00576954,0.0003354353,0.07426425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9616204,0.03591655,0.0001869057,0.001151107,0.00004239276,0.00007284067,0.000757988,0.000007733488,0.0002440739],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.7693706,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.8155584,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1633625869046914,"score_gpt":0.36345887130516,"score_spread":0.2000962844004686,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}