{"id":"W2016104755","doi":"10.1021/es991074h","title":"Competition of Ca(II) and Mg(II) with Ni(II) for Binding by a Well-Characterized Fulvic Acid in Model Solutions","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"Analytical chemistry methods development","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":50,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Geological Survey of Canada; Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Chemistry; Humic acid; Ionic strength; Nickel; Aqueous solution; Cathodic stripping voltammetry; Inorganic chemistry; Ligand (biochemistry); Graphite furnace atomic absorption; Cobalt; Ionic bonding; Ion; Voltammetry; Electrochemistry; Chromatography; Physical chemistry; Mass spectrometry; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002340481,0.0001655908,0.0002300023,0.0001365749,0.0004686952,0.000008646193,0.0003082246,0.0001636482,0.0009074848],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002338512,0.0001585619,0.00002470504,0.0003402959,0.001747539,0.0001507234,0.0003207925,0.0001906625,0.000005755463],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003625341,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004477192,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000005849998,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003838634,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985594,0.000005331381,0.0002694055,0.0004885979,0.0002293763,0.0004478889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995623,0.00001701252,0.00009221163,0.0002431095,0.000005527457,0.00007985297],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000372894,0.0001705508,0.001201936,0.00001358524,0.000006376533,0.00000138744,0.0001020226,0.00003924537,0.9961464,0.0001664595,0.000008186794,0.002106545],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009426694,0.0001210238,0.000285128,0.00005126457,0.00001829883,0.00003419007,0.0003514508,0.01226343,0.9837075,0.0007934781,0.001182909,0.0002485868],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9947519,0.00005181693,0.003087068,0.0005315467,0.000006645402,0.0001254349,0.00007406563,0.00004354933,0.001327953],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9790391,0.00006556485,0.01918961,0.00002421769,0.000003721658,0.00007002121,0.00003544673,0.00001114212,0.001561164],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01610254,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9936322,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01009808874118111,"score_gpt":0.2293486061770953,"score_spread":0.2192505174359142,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}