{"id":"W2016440087","doi":"10.1002/cjce.20468","title":"Process energy efficiency in pervaporative and vacuum membrane distillation separation of 2,3‐butanediol","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","topic":"Membrane Separation and Gas Transport","field":"Engineering","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"National Research Council Canada","funders":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","keywords":"Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Vacuum distillation; Distillation; Membrane; Process engineering; Chemistry; Evaporation; Thermodynamics; Chromatography; Permeation; Materials science; Engineering; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004396143,0.0002647326,0.0005454572,0.0003611184,0.0003439411,0.0005047907,0.0003525756,0.0003568885,0.0006628285],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005064935,0.0001639298,0.0004771038,0.0004202999,0.0002702381,0.0005345889,0.0002567145,0.0002659527,0.0001794766],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001228482,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006969064,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008879228,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.006856965,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999772,0.00003957454,0.00001115334,0.00002872152,0.0001010685,0.00004742012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998696,0.00007211149,0.00001401843,0.000008562452,0.00003057011,0.000005141997],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0009208123,0.0001654956,0.004307822,0.000525575,0.00007120879,0.0002206454,0.000140393,0.2214744,0.7379082,0.003302799,0.0001653158,0.03079735],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004320188,0.0003327914,0.0037796,0.0000111345,0.00003395566,0.00006100377,0.00008403954,0.2702965,0.7235196,0.0005862118,0.001223229,0.00002875635],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9911476,0.0004654725,0.006845805,0.00004972185,0.000005801014,0.00001324735,0.00007894432,0.00004770349,0.001345795],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972748,0.0002234819,0.001675394,0.000004690804,7.644626e-7,0.000009807441,0.00005705399,0.000009267919,0.0007447238],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.008879228,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01765507,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01093408942355951,"score_gpt":0.2005506251156373,"score_spread":0.1896165356920778,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}