{"id":"W2016729285","doi":"10.1287/mnsc.1100.1280","title":"Noncompete Covenants: Incentives to Innovate or Impediments to Growth","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Management Science","topic":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":225,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Brock University","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Brock University","keywords":"Entrepreneurship; Endogeneity; Endowment; Venture capital; Instrumental variable; Incentive; Enforcement; Economics; Business; Labour economics; Intermediation; Scope (computer science); Metropolitan area; Panel data; Financial intermediary; Finance; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009106725,0.0002276734,0.0001811901,0.0009275943,0.0004138029,0.0004539109,0.001592724,0.00002604305,0.0004506778],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001293449,0.0001820223,0.00004170493,0.003833706,0.0001698341,0.002280261,0.002757619,0.00008398038,0.003260146],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00008761349,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001884207,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001301858,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00002167775,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976162,0.000005677332,0.0002957738,0.0006764504,0.0006756969,0.0007302211],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991894,0.000006704067,0.0001214492,0.0004399366,0.0001723426,0.00007015854],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0006437386,0.0008482469,0.03961622,0.0005061015,0.0001111211,0.0003526815,0.00196019,0.00002101958,0.007864878,0.874983,0.04153502,0.03155782],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002390556,0.0003497067,0.5376361,0.0005335079,0.000146712,0.000004990458,0.002961494,0.0005377613,0.008338101,0.0221854,0.4226673,0.002248411],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7777152,0.000009485313,0.007163478,0.001915115,0.002176611,0.001261155,0.000004207933,0.0002869103,0.2094679],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9829413,0.000005377334,0.003164968,0.01176108,0.0002548799,0.00005679127,0.000003131494,0.00001858336,0.001793915],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8527976,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975159,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03962046995096104,"score_gpt":0.2538681289409782,"score_spread":0.2142476589900171,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}