{"id":"W2017109689","doi":"10.1517/17425255.2011.585968","title":"Have physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models delivered?","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology","topic":"Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism","field":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Heartland Health Research Alliance; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","keywords":"Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling; In silico; Pharmacokinetics; Drug development; Drug; Human health; Computational biology; Computer science; Biochemical engineering; Pharmacology; Risk analysis (engineering); Medicine; Biology; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.00113451,0.001059012,0.001248672,0.0005536564,0.0005832841,0.00003721487,0.001476528,0.0008601531,0.01118997],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001183124,0.000949361,0.0005851656,0.0004622629,0.0007358831,0.0002753015,0.000352236,0.001736038,0.0009110193],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001044803,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000248939,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007626866,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005869605,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9929118,0.002161687,0.001164882,0.001495899,0.000551304,0.001714435],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966805,0.0005845643,0.0004925072,0.0008507459,0.0003321353,0.001059568],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.008748741,0.01114018,0.0003372022,0.00008549989,0.001347761,0.0003063389,0.0112036,0.02842791,0.5632597,0.05428934,0.1090503,0.2118035],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.006634927,0.000284784,0.001199115,0.0000182053,0.0001012307,0.00002232892,0.0001945975,0.03259135,0.2552618,0.005081343,0.6974998,0.001110613],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.686778,0.07783673,0.004873191,0.006480118,0.04538698,0.005267649,0.0007694539,0.002071724,0.1705362],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9385223,0.01366565,0.003419205,0.04023661,0.002366779,0.0007646332,0.000119472,0.0001619602,0.0007433312],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5884495,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998669,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2037785665111753,"score_gpt":0.4199347654763287,"score_spread":0.2161561989651535,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}