{"id":"W2017389335","doi":"10.1007/s10853-005-0447-8","title":"Effects of oxygen contamination in the argon shielding gas in laser welding of commercially pure titanium thin sheet","year":2005,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Materials Science","topic":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","field":"Engineering","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Shielding gas; Microstructure; Argon; Welding; Metallurgy; Titanium; Composite material; Acicular; Scanning electron microscope; Laser beam welding","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001913901,0.00006947282,0.000208875,0.0002212028,0.00002531557,0.00004117552,0.0003949861,0.000047955,0.00001003792],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001729272,0.00004650915,0.00002515076,0.0002754002,0.00006642905,0.000307517,0.00003261465,0.0001052386,3.639261e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00005897523,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002832325,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002986367,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00003896774,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990178,0.00006010879,0.0004300442,0.00005649993,0.0002972492,0.0001382603],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995217,0.00013979,0.0001866196,0.00007490732,0.0000573456,0.00001964974],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001949523,0.00003757321,0.0003477423,0.0001535756,0.000002756695,0.0000109355,0.0007952999,0.03290037,0.9650869,0.0001510633,0.0001368884,0.0003574213],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001877806,0.00007035784,0.02220539,0.0004686199,0.000005331894,0.00001203604,0.0001106118,0.0001575202,0.9765053,0.0001858523,0.00004338381,0.00004783026],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.99883,0.0001424061,0.0002230046,0.0002314636,0.0002254891,0.0001025763,0.000001578229,0.000007731039,0.0002357589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980727,0.0001878372,0.00162754,0.00002225075,0.00008130349,0.000001588251,1.403185e-7,0.000005226168,0.000001354127],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03274285,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1896588,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007430428716868729,"score_gpt":0.2358027010926561,"score_spread":0.2283722723757874,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}