{"id":"W2017651599","doi":"10.1109/vast.2011.6102431","title":"Visual thinking in discovery and invention: From physics to cognitive social science","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Design Education and Practice","field":"Engineering","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Empathy; Cognition; Cognitive science; Visual thinking; Visualization; Computer science; Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Artificial intelligence; Social psychology; Neuroscience","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001353731,0.0005685692,0.0006083194,0.00157356,0.001165027,0.005496595,0.0005615841,0.001465139,0.02335685],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005026751,0.0002307673,0.0004865997,0.001866885,0.004712924,0.00554962,0.00167292,0.002611882,0.00169295],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001907056,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001154948,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002074909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001668076,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994511,0.00028178,0.00002847669,0.0000738027,0.0001258646,0.00003900931],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.995832,0.003611047,0.0000988593,0.00009912554,0.0002418189,0.0001170718],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00007225354,0.00004809939,0.0006140298,0.002486448,0.00006091331,0.0002638334,0.005524727,0.002651516,0.0008168927,0.6561017,0.07713197,0.2542277],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001636957,0.00007468156,0.001385488,0.001564962,0.00003217704,0.000297778,0.002264901,0.002150483,0.0004664301,0.709477,0.2822125,0.00005715047],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0180859,0.4361021,0.0771786,0.08727219,0.01286306,0.00009703946,0.0003150679,0.0004642957,0.3676217],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4693885,0.4065851,0.0209561,0.006279629,0.01297049,0.0003213217,0.00031456,0.0002673782,0.08291696],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02335685,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07813644,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04734670727904035,"score_gpt":0.303590062716475,"score_spread":0.2562433554374347,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}