{"id":"W2017954942","doi":"10.1111/0008-4085.00017","title":"The efficiencies defence in merger cases: implications of alternative standards","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique","topic":"Merger and Competition Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":16,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Carleton University","funders":"","keywords":"Concurrence; Welfare economics; Economics; Competition (biology); Humanities; Philosophy; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001348634,0.0001681536,0.0005677685,0.0006593073,0.0002022944,0.0000889428,0.000609733,0.00007817942,0.002158815],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002955885,0.0001802027,0.0002622577,0.0003152217,0.0002422492,0.0002575332,0.00001062947,0.0002184875,0.0000361857],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001316154,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009646441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.1307297,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9419253,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9978112,0.00003858638,0.001398585,0.0002644152,0.000002763982,0.0004844697],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.997868,0.0002108331,0.0007547902,0.0004053981,0.000180446,0.000580557],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002942509,0.00001699581,0.02930273,0.00000989829,0.000117608,0.00002583978,0.0012082,0.01742795,0.000003080028,0.948222,0.0004328998,0.003203368],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001235025,0.0004160779,0.03437337,0.0001197525,0.00004509549,0.0003654108,0.001771646,0.006564753,0.0001348502,0.6916203,0.262554,0.0007996996],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9858076,0.001288525,0.00008854831,0.002158806,0.0003921461,0.0001204279,0.0007579432,0.000002063063,0.009383934],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9976923,0.001150449,0.00008946576,0.0002451031,0.0001140563,0.00001383367,0.000005478552,0.00001943104,0.0006699036],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8111956,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9987534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1048580240962072,"score_gpt":0.2033655639910479,"score_spread":0.09850753989484061,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}