{"id":"W2018022022","doi":"10.1016/s0920-4105(02)00310-8","title":"An experimental investigation of the diversion characteristics of foam in Berea sandstone cores of contrasting permeabilities","year":2003,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering","topic":"Enhanced Oil Recovery Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":20,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"Colorado School of Mines","keywords":"Permeability (electromagnetism); Brine; Petroleum engineering; Materials science; Enhanced oil recovery; Volumetric flow rate; Foaming agent; Porosity; Geology; Geotechnical engineering; Composite material; Mechanics; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005643637,0.00006790853,0.0001882021,0.0001920112,0.00002005911,0.000008668987,0.0001371713,0.00002715517,0.000001863869],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002349212,0.00005443679,0.00002939132,0.000203011,0.0001628201,0.0003830978,0.00001536936,0.0001030159,1.211217e-8],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007160504,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004313859,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006208787,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.850058e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992272,0.00001158794,0.0003439518,0.0000524579,0.0002598625,0.0001048974],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995719,0.00006127016,0.0001480991,0.00007661286,0.0001019135,0.00004020231],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000004587475,0.000009692438,0.02964782,0.00006302848,0.000003059836,4.181871e-7,0.0007885229,0.01189475,0.9571887,0.0001232758,0.000001006618,0.0002751984],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001527849,0.0001312603,0.1057805,0.0002607015,0.000005391981,0.00001098355,0.0006124421,0.01939014,0.8735701,0.00003050361,0.00000365439,0.00005147998],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986885,0.0002026455,0.0008715193,0.000002654008,0.0001356097,0.00002563677,0.000002481515,0.000007178822,0.00006376712],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998145,0.00005938634,0.001776426,0.000001509532,0.00001053951,6.627626e-7,1.013608e-7,0.00000547315,8.322927e-7],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0836185,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2219868,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006114099844615131,"score_gpt":0.204586475791371,"score_spread":0.1984723759467558,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}