{"id":"W2018621062","doi":"10.1021/es035338i","title":"Semianalytical Solution for CO<sub>2</sub> Leakage through an Abandoned Well","year":2004,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Science & Technology","topic":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":319,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Alberta Energy","funders":"Norges Forskningsråd; Princeton University; Ford Motor Company","keywords":"Plume; Aquifer; Petroleum engineering; Supercritical fluid; Leakage (economics); Injection well; Water well; Environmental science; Geology; Limiting; Petroleum; Brine; Soil science; Groundwater; Geotechnical engineering; Engineering; Meteorology; Chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004596587,0.0006494778,0.0004819172,0.0004679381,0.0004368257,0.0008334412,0.0008516922,0.001367819,0.002915013],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001742186,0.0004293318,0.0006639102,0.0002928617,0.001110394,0.000834879,0.0006407193,0.001154101,0.0005782356],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001200514,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001596756,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006689004,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005325604,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998667,0.00002746936,0.000004599109,0.00001681652,0.00005877212,0.00002557951],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993039,0.0004058582,0.00006751626,0.00003398235,0.0001662183,0.00002249264],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003895046,0.00003449898,0.0007147167,0.0001303235,0.00001578098,0.0001813123,0.0001231458,0.9412267,0.009747028,0.03731806,0.001271108,0.009198505],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000380517,0.00000450726,0.00003813321,0.000003682741,0.000001334984,0.00001240956,0.00001310915,0.99738,0.0006133248,0.001422123,0.000505041,0.000002565352],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.07094049,0.0005619797,0.8914987,0.00113696,0.0001217765,0.0001756832,0.0002842947,0.0007855272,0.0344946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8371066,0.0006697334,0.1320696,0.000340445,0.00007764921,0.0003771086,0.0002568194,0.0002908417,0.02881126],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.006689004,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01330018,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0107708832507454,"score_gpt":0.2608473768527182,"score_spread":0.2500764936019729,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}