{"id":"W2019260965","doi":"10.1145/1278387.1278393","title":"Categorization of natural scenes","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"ACM Transactions on Applied Perception","topic":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":40,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Categorization; Computer science; Artificial intelligence; Set (abstract data type); Perception; Computational model; Scene statistics; Pattern recognition (psychology); Process (computing); Machine learning; Computer vision; Psychology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002044099,0.0001086826,0.0001092273,0.0002029655,0.0001136075,0.0000233861,0.0003915743,0.00007269195,0.00003631176],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000009492263,0.0001038509,0.00005708279,0.000512253,0.00004373954,0.0003583501,0.000008222822,0.0001550734,0.00003321186],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006281792,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001511195,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00001065058,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000007159515,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991433,0.00001136055,0.0002228545,0.0002413815,0.0002171219,0.0001640022],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992585,0.00006155315,0.00007192717,0.0004881861,0.00007927793,0.0000405363],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003331123,0.00006694536,0.00001017038,0.000008686707,0.00000464796,4.815037e-7,0.0003229337,0.00008348931,0.2154853,0.003437668,0.00001354725,0.7805328],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000431064,0.000179741,0.01127511,0.00002048817,0.00001544587,0.00001019321,0.0002774047,0.001363235,0.9688193,0.01621415,0.00109978,0.0002941122],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.01172954,0.00001254218,0.9866675,0.0001029299,0.0001542667,0.0001795882,0.000001309415,0.0002873852,0.0008649902],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.83524,0.00006079029,0.1644469,0.0001138183,0.00002594992,0.000009002266,0.000005401308,0.000007788973,0.00009027754],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.8235105,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4234917,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01467799481683959,"score_gpt":0.2845879272234693,"score_spread":0.2699099324066297,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}