{"id":"W2020464577","doi":"10.1257/mic.5.3.97","title":"Collusion with Asymmetric Retailers: Evidence from a Gasoline Price-Fixing Case","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"American Economic Journal Microeconomics","topic":"Merger and Competition Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":125,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"HEC Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Collusion; Price fixing; Mechanism (biology); Point (geometry); Microeconomics; Transfer (computing); Economics; Industrial organization; Business; Econometrics; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007074421,0.0004354843,0.001168151,0.0009144148,0.0004061289,0.000707984,0.0006004528,0.00009154113,0.007676586],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009248391,0.0004669551,0.0003719312,0.0004517761,0.0002728764,0.001298955,0.0001469788,0.0005270494,0.006575765],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001097878,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001618552,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.008508315,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000507176,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9966383,0.00006869323,0.001702301,0.0008483297,0.00004005716,0.0007023186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9961495,0.0003209374,0.002224786,0.0006947796,0.00008999182,0.0005200197],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000593805,0.0007022149,0.8691918,0.00007227647,0.004714918,0.00153965,0.003782706,0.01215184,0.00152909,0.01221627,0.02943131,0.06407408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.02098071,0.006195583,0.1905919,0.001442072,0.001430082,0.05393983,0.03765281,0.2922332,0.004320072,0.09443934,0.2788486,0.01792578],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9822906,0.002044481,0.005597791,0.001910319,0.000494487,0.0003001615,0.0001404583,0.0000534778,0.007168193],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9854879,0.002861982,0.009092811,0.001265026,0.0005537496,0.00004056359,0.00001876437,0.00008363333,0.00059552],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.6786,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9997782,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0184442095276666,"score_gpt":0.2149053039785402,"score_spread":0.1964610944508736,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}