{"id":"W2020678178","doi":"10.1016/s0927-7757(00)00510-0","title":"Thin liquid film technique — application to water–oil–water bitumen emulsion films","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects","topic":"Petroleum Processing and Analysis","field":"Chemistry","cited_by":114,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Syncrude (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Syncrude","keywords":"Asphaltene; Asphalt; Emulsion; Materials science; Thin film; Toluene; Chemical engineering; Heptane; Solvent; Contact angle; Composite material; Decane; Chemistry; Organic chemistry; Nanotechnology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002827618,0.000414305,0.0003412158,0.0006557375,0.0003895212,0.0004060451,0.0003830283,0.0004608775,0.001293692],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00024632,0.0002743597,0.0002335782,0.0003353982,0.0003054106,0.0004786713,0.0004092968,0.0006574537,0.0003844713],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002108994,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001925577,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001008306,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0008949899,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999058,0.00001489103,0.000008819378,0.00002042123,0.00003451135,0.0000154186],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998355,0.00005709846,0.00002007604,0.00001688689,0.00004816474,0.00002235799],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002175721,0.00001013056,0.00003630798,0.00003273624,0.000002499285,0.00004311483,0.00001362988,0.00002837142,0.9967549,0.00003967343,0.00002033313,0.002996568],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000065949,0.00008457499,0.0002894409,0.000003183937,0.000009332301,0.0001317059,0.00001413906,0.0007598459,0.9979162,0.00003182045,0.0007500823,0.000003264684],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8229991,0.009883473,0.1588833,0.0007922595,0.0002343761,0.0002818293,0.0001679336,0.0007871083,0.005970675],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9322849,0.006277509,0.05621961,0.0001565992,0.00005930496,0.00008424892,0.0001228746,0.0001100954,0.004684895],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.001293692,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.004327834,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.002747070922605208,"score_gpt":0.1855026630959571,"score_spread":0.1827555921733519,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}