{"id":"W2021759576","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2008/06/021","title":"‘Swiss-cheese’ inhomogeneous cosmology and the dark energy problem","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","topic":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":130,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Physics; Dark energy; Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric; Cosmology; Hubble's law; Hubble volume; Cosmological perturbation theory; Astrophysics; Perturbation (astronomy); Dark matter; Universe; Mathematical physics; Theoretical physics; Astronomy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005691268,0.0006430881,0.0008945466,0.0005046942,0.0006671791,0.001050004,0.001332714,0.001210063,0.002979415],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001288747,0.00038729,0.001018072,0.0003733588,0.001778369,0.001690385,0.001227746,0.0008276275,0.0003148378],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005461992,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003188161,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003696023,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002090498,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9998444,0.00006700286,0.000004100307,0.00002911173,0.00002047809,0.00003483779],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994325,0.0001644178,0.0001180602,0.0001048813,0.00004164219,0.000138453],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003588786,0.00006730819,0.002019848,0.00007206056,0.00009391139,0.001042151,0.0001540935,0.2191378,0.009939664,0.7631457,0.001692427,0.002276223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000124452,0.00007457651,0.002663013,0.00001384937,0.00002785801,0.0003990277,0.00009482213,0.7859128,0.0008863569,0.2085755,0.001192028,0.00003570973],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9165108,0.0006460673,0.0546166,0.001838378,0.00008653325,0.0000127489,0.0001057299,0.0002036022,0.02597948],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9897512,0.0002074228,0.004498757,0.0001693895,0.0000853751,0.00001203872,0.0001033545,0.00006704895,0.005105325],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003696023,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009967208,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007968274795831575,"score_gpt":0.2216827940525925,"score_spread":0.213714519256761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}