{"id":"W2022286459","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2007.09.004","title":"Calcium isotope record of Phanerozoic oceans: Implications for chemical evolution of seawater and its causative mechanisms","year":2007,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","topic":"Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":253,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Ottawa; Carleton University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; European Science Foundation; Geological Society of America","keywords":"Geology; Phanerozoic; Calcite; Foraminifera; Paleontology; Ordovician; Paleozoic; Seawater; Oceanography; Cenozoic; Benthic zone","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005533599,0.0002015878,0.0003697281,0.000169369,0.0001179952,0.00001066817,0.0002524849,0.0002016541,0.00004457232],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000116015,0.000178096,0.0001257709,0.0002073366,0.0002079374,0.0001926757,0.000007865769,0.0001759933,0.000001633252],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000007125298,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008511644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000237195,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001368393,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985243,0.00007216706,0.0004903245,0.0003683683,0.0001407449,0.0004040714],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986953,0.0005083834,0.0002722659,0.0002227982,0.0001541077,0.0001471572],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0010994,0.0002145017,0.07272015,0.0001901404,0.0002455318,0.00000186085,0.0009555561,0.000006096631,0.8663475,0.0334758,0.0006631825,0.0240803],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006692224,0.0003471614,0.8441344,0.00003704295,0.00008358534,0.00002887764,0.0001303296,0.0004692987,0.09905493,0.05469739,0.0001009219,0.0002468657],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9880522,0.0005844113,0.004696645,0.001096657,0.0001335923,0.0005697588,0.0005856571,0.00003310711,0.004247946],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9930593,0.0000794333,0.006643442,0.00007269403,0.00003218756,0.000006064659,0.00009073353,0.000003033751,0.00001310973],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7714142,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7262546,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02618661050832369,"score_gpt":0.2681999424597237,"score_spread":0.2420133319514,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}