{"id":"W2022374686","doi":"10.1108/02683941311321196","title":"“Is this bullying?” Understanding target and witness reactions","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Managerial Psychology","topic":"Workplace Violence and Bullying","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Witness; Psychology; Confusion; Social psychology; Originality; Learned helplessness; Value (mathematics); Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.007606136,0.0004096032,0.0003544325,0.0008110405,0.002174412,0.004478941,0.0009475075,0.001946528,0.004077423],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02938852,0.0003193074,0.0003650643,0.0003461878,0.005331707,0.007182068,0.005697335,0.00297772,0.0002626682],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001288078,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00109382,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002535425,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001755827,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9938203,0.004372907,0.0002101591,0.0005036658,0.0006690081,0.0004240212],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9866447,0.007984119,0.003022481,0.0008727713,0.0009100181,0.0005658384],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001018307,0.00009141544,0.04985588,0.0004983225,0.00007403224,0.001672306,0.8476483,0.000348813,0.004251197,0.06132064,0.001504454,0.03263275],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001823537,0.0002375999,0.04477541,0.001003631,0.00009437121,0.002243922,0.8698065,0.001995854,0.001843496,0.04967395,0.02823508,0.00007185205],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8778392,0.003497388,0.05099383,0.01538228,0.0003395842,0.0002129057,0.00009441147,0.00006065821,0.05157964],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9959567,0.0008104192,0.001490627,0.0005262102,0.00003790087,0.00004281758,0.00002071716,0.00001125316,0.001103386],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007606136,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04022557,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06577495643787237,"score_gpt":0.359252771635737,"score_spread":0.2934778151978646,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}