{"id":"W2023134870","doi":"10.1063/1.3173346","title":"Ice friction: The effects of surface roughness, structure, and hydrophobicity","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Applied Physics","topic":"Adhesion, Friction, and Surface Interactions","field":"Engineering","cited_by":115,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Surface roughness; Slider; Surface finish; Composite material; Melting point; Femtosecond; Lotus effect; Capillary action; Optics; Laser; Chemistry; Mechanical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00005636665,0.000108944,0.0001914474,0.00001900766,0.00009232029,0.00001924616,0.00009106883,0.00004665775,0.000005767827],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000006183524,0.00007753046,0.00006093708,0.0001733554,0.00002501811,0.0001491407,0.000006509544,0.0002698071,0.000001252495],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003141353,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001411474,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000003766351,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":9.796057e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994346,0.00001174894,0.0002349892,0.00005684985,0.0001659966,0.00009581498],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994856,0.0001449441,0.0001410163,0.0001125121,0.00007503604,0.00004089696],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005706116,0.00007798139,0.0002789851,0.00009842058,0.0001349625,0.000003211331,0.001616556,0.5463817,0.4428485,0.002112017,0.002738829,0.003651801],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001351518,0.0003779187,0.03521654,0.0001493029,0.0003239088,0.00007978357,0.000530733,0.04064552,0.8738438,0.03969126,0.007332774,0.0004568767],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9934663,0.0003341916,0.004299343,0.00002040863,0.0005328311,0.0000764914,0.000002524414,0.00002156437,0.001246336],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988201,0.0003088071,0.0005467951,0.00002992092,0.000269793,3.018326e-7,5.577598e-7,0.00001057502,0.00001311832],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5057362,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.31616,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004328494087584358,"score_gpt":0.2016392010031423,"score_spread":0.1973107069155579,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}