{"id":"W2023348588","doi":"10.1029/2009gl040389","title":"Measurement of crack‐face friction in collapsed weak snow layers","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Geophysical Research Letters","topic":"Cryospheric studies and observations","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":83,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"European Commission; University of Calgary","keywords":"Snowpack; Snow; Mechanics; Frictional coefficient; Debris; Shear (geology); Materials science; Friction coefficient; Drop (telecommunication); Coefficient of friction; Dynamical friction; Geotechnical engineering; Plane (geometry); Geology; Composite material; Geometry; Physics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006201691,0.00008305491,0.0001580329,0.00006767681,0.0001514756,0.00002729265,0.0001801384,0.00002981275,0.0001536539],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002900901,0.00007104038,0.00005434552,0.0009011837,0.0001013466,0.0001108291,0.00001239792,0.0002363842,0.0001055705],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003218328,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00004719897,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004001889,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001731377,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980052,0.0001299482,0.0001861517,0.0002163149,0.001035622,0.0004267895],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993652,0.0002146766,0.00003398564,0.0001658864,0.0001321076,0.00008818132],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007795069,0.0007824988,0.4052774,0.00009457907,0.0001298954,0.00006612627,0.0025839,0.0275705,0.0996466,0.001234464,0.1131251,0.3487094],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002788941,0.0002059198,0.9918534,0.00003090818,0.000002617452,1.735676e-7,0.0003805948,0.002408697,0.0003441438,0.00038985,0.004026313,0.00007850264],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9848225,0.0002227582,0.0001297573,0.01260942,0.0001003813,0.0002452016,0.000009010972,0.0000148623,0.001846087],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991796,0.00005283562,0.0001521956,0.0004408711,0.00009887333,0.00000259323,0.000008426779,0.000001761754,0.0000628698],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.586576,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6049687,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05961388843014044,"score_gpt":0.2906931179812318,"score_spread":0.2310792295510913,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}