{"id":"W2023643744","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2011.568579","title":"Minimal Risk Remains an Open Question","year":2011,"lang":"en","type":"letter","venue":"The American Journal of Bioethics","topic":"Ethics in Clinical Research","field":"Medicine","cited_by":7,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Western University","funders":"","keywords":"Psychology; Medicine; Epistemology; Philosophy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.04075698,0.0006472952,0.002901414,0.0007488664,0.006835961,0.008164709,0.005840047,0.06252457,0.01021518],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1011163,0.0007806315,0.001906188,0.0008438645,0.03854958,0.02225403,0.007169373,0.09252024,0.005442678],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.008551863,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01727745,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005558954,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007364699,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9792236,0.009547763,0.001477876,0.00264227,0.005215331,0.001893133],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9072316,0.07390982,0.002207367,0.003035204,0.008359537,0.0052565],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"not_applicable","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008093967,0.00007411974,0.0004447439,0.0002308465,0.00005101171,0.0009547043,0.00169701,0.00012617,0.0002088717,0.3849762,0.5786728,0.03248269],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00009138951,0.00004890333,0.0003431915,0.001092971,0.00002869513,0.001270441,0.002376224,0.0001930814,0.0001207793,0.506328,0.4880329,0.00007348425],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":"not_applicable","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.0001945075,0.001997182,0.000184331,0.9935079,0.002232015,0.00000284619,0.00001079893,0.000005447543,0.001865085],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.009360797,0.002267492,0.000522438,0.9746128,0.01106806,0.00003237705,0.00001823808,0.00002062628,0.002097171],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":"commentary","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06252457,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2155461,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.5418082674353776,"score_gpt":0.5873472600596066,"score_spread":0.045538992624229,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}