{"id":"W2023970190","doi":"10.1145/1707790.1707792","title":"Singleton types here, singleton types there, singleton types everywhere","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Logic, programming, and type systems","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Computer Research Institute of Montréal; Université de Montréal","funders":"","keywords":"Singleton; Computer science; Generalization; Type (biology); Mathematics; Geology; Pregnancy; Mathematical analysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006364736,0.0004842813,0.0004941224,0.0001794726,0.0003742695,0.0007947524,0.00150719,0.0004017319,0.0004635468],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001437061,0.0003731107,0.0002063181,0.0006423838,0.0001738433,0.0007101279,0.0003813589,0.0005409095,0.001593797],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00007538405,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002038203,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0009436521,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001147069,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969592,0.0001449818,0.0005211823,0.0009374651,0.0006063628,0.0008307853],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9976723,0.0001910551,0.0002664877,0.00131752,0.0002846902,0.000268007],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005566232,0.0008075805,0.0110612,0.000190058,0.0002551354,0.0001517881,0.001642495,0.0000701485,0.02763976,0.671502,0.01289128,0.2737329],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001180102,0.0008788168,0.001754393,0.00005196942,0.00008222244,0.0002075642,0.00023074,0.00506962,0.02599146,0.04441697,0.9183757,0.001760394],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.1803643,0.003531584,0.1430663,0.002868487,0.0130038,0.001428846,0.000005099519,0.00350027,0.6522313],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.971692,0.00002421959,0.01037237,0.0005371469,0.0008000101,0.00001826216,0.000009263546,0.00005843442,0.01648833],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9054845,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998721,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0187449699590487,"score_gpt":0.2364180717513462,"score_spread":0.2176731017922975,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}