{"id":"W2025203081","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2012.11.012","title":"A Comparative Study of Biofilm Removal with Hand, Rotary Nickel-Titanium, and Self-Adjusting File Instrumentation Using a Novel In Vitro Biofilm Model","year":2012,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Endodontics","topic":"Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments","field":"Dentistry","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Biofilm; Groove (engineering); Scanning electron microscope; Materials science; Bacteria; Nickel titanium; Smear layer; Titanium; Dentistry; Anaerobic bacteria; Biomedical engineering; Composite material; Biology; Medicine; Metallurgy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000329313,0.0002198824,0.00058883,0.0002988321,0.00008782394,0.00005431876,0.0001232554,0.00007510676,0.00001391243],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004398453,0.000172135,0.00007577666,0.0002892355,0.00005415891,0.0004820623,0.00006777767,0.0002798227,0.000001067639],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001725106,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001081721,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001796511,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002415569,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982632,0.00008340248,0.0007253461,0.0001511351,0.0004704171,0.0003064664],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9984828,0.0001359924,0.0008570035,0.0001510885,0.0002279581,0.0001451563],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.003152981,0.01544814,0.4833714,0.0003242542,0.002719058,0.0008710723,0.02066544,0.01565169,0.4557973,0.0001579202,0.0003811905,0.001459573],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.07539259,0.006997498,0.2261934,0.002267753,0.005650548,0.0137322,0.06414041,0.4210689,0.1817566,0.0001565715,0.0004326896,0.002210783],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9967753,0.0002972447,0.002119384,0.000007403455,0.0001977693,0.0002804359,0.0001169792,0.000006276437,0.0001991535],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.8630376,0.00001632998,0.1367722,0.00001090788,0.0000823933,0.000002499489,0.000009151173,0.00002138147,0.00004752575],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4054172,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7019463,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05696870794624818,"score_gpt":0.3137282088881159,"score_spread":0.2567595009418677,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}