{"id":"W2025203567","doi":"10.1016/j.fuel.2015.02.069","title":"Combined calcium looping and chemical looping combustion cycles with CaO–CuO pellets in a fixed bed reactor","year":2015,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Fuel","topic":"Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes","field":"Engineering","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Natural Resources Canada; University of Ottawa","funders":"Natural Resources Canada; Carbon Management Canada; University of Ottawa","keywords":"Pellets; Calcium looping; Calcination; Chemical looping combustion; Materials science; Carbonation; Chemical engineering; Pelletizing; Porosity; Oxidizing agent; Combustion; Chemistry; Composite material; Catalysis","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000249052,0.0003432449,0.0006639482,0.0004142452,0.0003821325,0.0005190968,0.0004974446,0.000301679,0.0007514732],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002686155,0.0002257308,0.0002809128,0.0003783285,0.0003697713,0.0004233953,0.0003144005,0.0003890768,0.0001282879],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006890548,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006985955,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005012909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01024881,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997961,0.00001843959,0.00001610962,0.00005422691,0.0000637252,0.00005140131],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998838,0.00002929088,0.00001922521,0.00001631126,0.00003022667,0.00002119302],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002254148,0.0002561152,0.001541622,0.0002979893,0.00004971586,0.0001387158,0.00008192649,0.00346983,0.9734972,0.0004326334,0.0001853526,0.01779477],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001252257,0.0006672762,0.003401007,0.000007417619,0.00005180246,0.00004145276,0.00003171034,0.01060877,0.9838458,0.00006032739,0.001137811,0.00002133425],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9981763,0.0002510597,0.0007286364,0.00002131012,0.00002467153,0.00001813402,0.00003234709,0.00004473078,0.0007028373],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9988589,0.00008996997,0.0005191555,0.00000495981,0.000005168357,0.000006582937,0.00001972949,0.000006307932,0.000489232],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.005012909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009967446,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02205403190955475,"score_gpt":0.2240460114706786,"score_spread":0.2019919795611239,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}