{"id":"W2025301472","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2010.04.004","title":"The use of passive treatment alternatives for the mitigation of acidic drainage at the Williams Brother mine, California: Bench-scale study","year":2010,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Geochemistry","topic":"Mine drainage and remediation techniques","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Queen's University; Geological Survey of Canada","funders":"U.S. Forest Service","keywords":"Acid mine drainage; Effluent; Environmental science; Peat; Biofilter; Water quality; Anoxic waters; Drainage; San Joaquin; Schwertmannite; Environmental chemistry; Environmental engineering; Hydrology (agriculture); Chemistry; Geology; Adsorption; Ecology; Soil science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003543291,0.0002669511,0.0003476526,0.0001948347,0.000672341,0.0008203092,0.0005159496,0.0005444693,0.000623961],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003919508,0.0001607263,0.0003070227,0.0001707674,0.0004088249,0.000429609,0.0002462,0.0004488407,0.00008272514],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005311326,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008672771,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01543744,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0364203,"domain_scores_codex":[0.999731,0.00005625578,0.00001273218,0.0000628342,0.00008727836,0.00004990516],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997838,0.00007391583,0.00003726872,0.00001242583,0.00006442984,0.00002802111],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001316561,0.002678312,0.007405365,0.0003153971,0.00004973929,0.0001226337,0.0002999137,0.00187452,0.9695929,0.0001824433,0.0002455564,0.01591682],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003331638,0.02541783,0.05982533,0.00003675322,0.000200877,0.0002478261,0.001438132,0.007257402,0.8996622,0.0001797834,0.005351038,0.00004971235],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993688,0.0001133896,0.0001082891,0.00001684427,0.000003302834,0.00001738455,0.00002783119,0.000002165374,0.0003418941],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9968265,0.0005718817,0.000970448,0.00002484583,0.000007838441,0.0000188291,0.0000908667,0.000002969093,0.001485831],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01543744,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0306952,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0096911201496138,"score_gpt":0.2341817905747705,"score_spread":0.2244906704251567,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}