{"id":"W2025305573","doi":"10.1080/15305050903106859","title":"Uncovering the Psychometric Properties of Scales Measuring Individualist and Collectivist Orientations","year":2009,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Testing","topic":"Cultural Differences and Values","field":"Psychology","cited_by":17,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Calgary","funders":"","keywords":"Collectivism; Psychology; Individualism; Social psychology; Scale (ratio); Psychometrics; Developmental psychology; Geography; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002629826,0.00005967692,0.0001030162,0.0001660706,0.00008042764,0.0000777671,0.0002156388,0.00001721087,0.00001695396],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0006776754,0.00003492109,0.00004176194,0.0002610757,0.00005223527,0.000126709,0.00002155952,0.0001111195,8.568722e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002737851,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001799479,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00008688558,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000117342,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992223,0.00004114281,0.000305593,0.00006481088,0.0002939605,0.00007217364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9989899,0.0001637306,0.0003409382,0.00004300724,0.000437137,0.00002523028],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001895304,0.0003039831,0.729362,0.00001829772,0.0004813231,0.00002042676,0.01062488,0.0005496389,0.03777392,0.002928345,0.0007467756,0.2170009],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000385481,0.0001788391,0.995011,0.0002073247,0.00002111629,0.0002774242,0.001283747,0.00006398615,0.0008490552,0.001593008,0.00007365156,0.00005542275],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956687,0.0007143592,0.0001306691,0.0006449393,0.0004931437,0.00004137046,0.000003248957,0.000005250938,0.002298333],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998967,0.00001278402,0.0006379812,0.00006633194,0.000197183,9.992967e-7,3.109851e-7,0.00000291386,0.0001144967],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.265649,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1424041,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2054654203050422,"score_gpt":0.3769399820431952,"score_spread":0.171474561738153,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}