{"id":"W2025381670","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2008.07.012","title":"Kinetics of nitrate and perchlorate reduction in ion-exchange brine using the membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR)","year":2008,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Water Research","topic":"Chemical Analysis and Environmental Impact","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":71,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Okanagan University College; University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus; University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Nitrate; Perchlorate; Chemistry; Brine; Inorganic chemistry; Ion exchange; Salinity; Ammonia; Environmental chemistry; Nuclear chemistry; Ion; Ecology; Biochemistry; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000478818,0.00008128997,0.0001196837,0.00005899412,0.00008405111,0.00001527253,0.0001369874,0.00004410004,0.001112247],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000143611,0.00004569362,0.00003043786,0.0002816454,0.000693175,0.0001230015,0.0002828785,0.000203452,0.00005682763],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001283296,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000001799668,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004247657,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00009008164,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987733,0.0001112638,0.0001714885,0.0002099302,0.0004025408,0.0003314327],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996817,0.00001356692,0.00002076851,0.0001958363,0.000006452898,0.00008169582],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003008879,0.00008152938,0.009867224,0.000008817781,0.00000477433,0.000007649372,0.0009114463,0.0002197349,0.9882827,4.730935e-7,0.00005781723,0.0005276968],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001699235,0.00005655679,0.02139055,0.00001005255,0.000004439157,0.00003801838,0.000153331,0.0009063993,0.9766048,0.00008083489,0.0005171166,0.0000680502],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.998602,0.00005455538,0.000003142852,0.0004743545,0.00001217116,0.000122057,0.000003263958,0.000003503668,0.0007249052],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9986899,0.0005447191,0.00008163517,0.00001221833,0.00003309848,0.000004378722,0.000007795762,0.000009174695,0.000617117],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01167802,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9998009,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1016701524180779,"score_gpt":0.3172019141087983,"score_spread":0.2155317616907204,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}